Living cells rely on the transmembrane difference of electrochemical potential to store the energy needed for their biochemical reactions. Membrane potential is generated by respiratory…
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The cornea is a transparent window inside the body. It transmits light into the eye and helps focus it onto the retina. The corneal endothelium…
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Fuel assemblies in nuclear reactors consist of bundles of fuel elements — metallic cylindrical tubes encasing fuel pellets — arranged in specific geometries in the…
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Most behavioral phenotypes (e.g. melancholic, aggressive, anxious, fearful, or autistic) are quantifiable. A person can have a very mild, an intermediate, or a very severe…
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The risk associated with rainfall-induced landslides in loose pyroclastic soils — which is widely spread across the world, especially in the subtropical zones — is…
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Contamination of the aquatic environment has been a growing problem mainly due to population and industrial increase. Often, toxic substances (known or not!) are released…
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Energy conversion occurs everywhere. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, car engines convert chemical energy in gasoline into kinetic energy that accelerates a vehicle, and…
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Chemotherapy is widely used to treat cancer patients in the clinic. During administration, toxic chemo-drugs travel through the body, killing cancer cells but also affecting…
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While no one wants to receive a cancer diagnosis, a number of treatments are now available, making the likelihood of a favorable outcome better than…
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In recent years, the study of human immunology has been fostered by the development and rapid advances of high throughput technologies used to profile genetic,…
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Sea level change is a high-profile aspect of climate change. During the 21st century, the average global sea level is expected to rise considerably faster…
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