Groundwater is the world’s most extracted raw material, with withdrawal rates currently in the estimated range of 982 km3 /year and providing almost half of…
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Published by Jan Frouz Czech Academy of Sciences and the Charles University in Prague These findings are described in the article entitled Effects of soil…
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The current climate change we experience calls for understanding how our environment responded to natural variations of climate in the past. It is well established…
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Olfaction is a very important chemoreception that forms the sense of smell in animals. Terrestrial animals can detect low concentrations of airborne, volatile chemical substances…
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There are between 25 and 27 species of sturgeons in the temperate waters of the Northern hemisphere, and populations in all are depleted or threatened…
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Biodiversity conservation is a vital task for humanity as IPBES (1, see section 3.2, pp. 196) recently stated once again. The principle of optimal biodiversity…
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In wild populations, most plant species exhibit high genetic diversity, which often is manifested as high chemical diversity and variation. This chemical heterogeneity is very…
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Modern Iraq is a relatively dry country faced with mounting water challenges. Ancient Southern Iraq, commonly referred to as Southern Mesopotamia, was also the home…
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The welfare of farmed animals is under increasing scrutiny from consumers as well as governmental and industry bodies and plays an important part in the…
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Wine aroma is arguably the most important intrinsic factor used to judge wine quality. The perception of wine aroma is the result of a number…
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Mitochondria are tiny bodies inside the cells of animals, plants, and fungi that were derived from an endosymbiotic process involving bacterial and archaeal cells. Despite…
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